Please see the yellow fever vaccine page for further information. You should read the yellow fever vaccine page prior to receiving the vaccine and ensure you are given the Patient Information Leaflet PIL for Stamaril after vaccination. Side effects following yellow fever vaccine are usually mild and can consist of fever, headache, nausea, joint and muscle pain. Serious complications are rare and have an increased incidence in those:. Yellow fever risk areas can be viewed on a map here.
Yellow fever is a viral infection that is spread by the bite of an infected Aedes aegypti mosquito which mainly bites during daylight hours. There is no specific treatment for yellow fever virus. Early diagnosis and supportive hospital treatment improves survival rates. Learn more Got it. If you have a contraindication to the vaccine or the risk of serious side effects is high, and there is a significant risk of contracting yellow fever on your trip you are likely to be advised to cancel or change your travel plans.
Healthcare practitioners are not obliged to administer yellow fever vaccine if they believe it unsafe to do so, or it is not required for your trip. If you have any medical conditions, it is best to seek travel advice before you book your trip. If you have recently received the yellow fever vaccine and feel unwell please contact your GP or the service if your GP practice is closed.
The yellow fever vaccine can only be administered at designated yellow fever centres. To locate your nearest yellow fever centre please follow the links below:. Learn more Got it. The vaccine can be recommended for two reasons: To protect you from being infected when you travel to a country where yellow fever virus occurs. See the individual country pages for specific information for your destination. To prevent the international spread of disease between countries. The countries that require proof of vaccination are those where either the disease occurs, or where it could occur because they have the correct mosquito and monkey species that could harbour the infection.
A booster dose would only be recommended if you were previously vaccinated in one of the following circumstances: while pregnant less than two years old had a weakened immune system whilst infected with HIV before undergoing a bone marrow transplant Contraindications to vaccination There are some people who cannot be given the yellow fever vaccine, these include: infants less than 6 months of age an allergy to eggs or chicken proteins an allergy to a previous dose of yellow fever vaccine a suppressed immune system due to disease a suppressed immune system due to medication such as chemotherapy drugs, methotrexate, azathioprine or steroids a disorder or disease of the thymus gland e.
Rare side effects Rarely, serious complications occur after receiving the yellow fever vaccine. These include: Yellow fever vaccine associated neurological disease YEL-AND is a condition affecting the brain and nervous system, causing symptoms such as confusion and problems with movement and co-ordination.
Medical Exemption Certificates A healthcare practitioner will decline to vaccinate you if there is a contraindication to the vaccine and may decline to vaccinate you if the risk of serious vaccine side effects is assessed as being higher than the disease risk. A medical exemption certificate is only valid for one trip.
The mosquitoes that transmit yellow fever in urban areas are also the vectors for dengue fever, chikungunya and even Zika virus. If travelling in a yellow fever endemic area, it is necessary to avoid mosquito bites by covering up, using an effective insect repellent and minimising outdoor activities during the day dusk and dawn are peak times. It can take several days before symptoms appear, usually within 3 to 6 days of the bite of an infected mosquito. The initial symptoms include sudden onset of fever, chills, severe headache, back pain, nausea, vomiting, fatigue and an overall feeling of weakness.
Symptoms in this stage include high fever, visible bleeding, jaundice and kidney and liver failure; death results from multi-organ failure. Proof of vaccination by means of an International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis ICVP may be required or even mandatory under the International Health Regulations, if you are travelling to or from one of these countries, and other nations may require proof in order for travellers to cross their borders. Proof of vaccination for travel may be required if you are travelling to or from one of these countries, with many other countries also requiring vaccination for entry.
Travellers should seek the advice of a yellow fever-licensed medical practitioner regarding the suitability of vaccination for their itineraries and any relevant medical circumstances.
For travellers, the risk of contracting yellow fever infection is highest when travelling to areas experiencing an outbreak, however travel to any endemic zone presents risks which can vary depending on a number of factors including: destination, vaccination status, season of travel, levels of exposure to mosquito bites and whether anti-insect measures are employed, amongst others.
There is no specific cure for yellow fever; infected people are hospitalised for treatment of their symptoms and close observation. The yellow fever vaccine, which has been in use for more than 80 years, cannot be administered in some cases due to a number of contraindications or precautions — as the following lists are not exhaustive, seek advice for your particular situation from a yellow fever licensed doctor.
A single dose of yellow fever vaccine is recommended for anyone aged 9 months and over who is travelling to an area with a risk of yellow fever virus transmission. A certificate of vaccination ICVP is issued after administration of the vaccine; it becomes valid 10 days later.
In most cases, protection from the vaccine is considered life-long, however there may be some situations when a booster could be advisable: People who were pregnant or had HIV when first vaccinated, or those who are travelling to a high risk or epidemic area and had their yellow fever vaccine more than 10 years previously. Generally mild, starting within days of vaccination and lasting days: low-grade fever, headache, pain at injection site pain, unusual weakness, myalgia, rash; and in children, also crying, irritability, drowsiness, vomiting or appetite loss.
Immediate allergic reactions with rash, itching and hives; swelling of face, tongue or other parts of the body; difficulty swallowing or breathing. Delayed reactions usually within a month of vaccination affecting the nervous system: Fever, headache, confusion, stiff neck, fits, loss of movement or feeling.
Reactions affecting vital organs generally within 10 days of vaccination which resemble yellow fever infection and are sometimes fatal. It can present with tiredness, fever, headache and muscle pain which can progress to multiple organ dysfunction or failure. Yellow fever is vaccine-preventable.
If you are planning to travel to one of the yellow fever declared countries above, it is crucial to get vaccinated for your safety and to ensure you have no issues with entry into other countries.
It is also important that while you are on your trip, you avoid mosquitoes — use insect repellent , avoid perfume or cologne and wear light coloured, full-coverage clothing where possible. Yellow fever is one of a few mandatory vaccinations and may be a requirement if you are travelling to or from a country with a declared presence of yellow fever.
Travelvax is a leading provider of travel health advice and medical services for those travelling overseas. We provide a one-stop travel health consultation to make your preparations as smooth as possible.
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